Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is a behavioral disorder characterized by restlessness, difficulty concentrating, rapid shifting of attention, easy distractibility, and poor learning ability. Children with ADHD have difficulties with self-control, self-organization, and consistent completion of tasks. At the same time, there is hyperactivity, excitability, excessive speech production, excessive limb movements, and synkinesis.

The diagnosis is established based on external observation and psychological tests. Usually, teachers draw attention to the behavioral features; the diagnosis is made after the start of attendance at preschool institutions, when the behavioral characteristics of a child with ADHD become noticeable in comparison with other, calmer and more diligent children.

Psycho-speech development of children with ADHD occurs without significant deviations.

Methods of ADHD correction are divided into behavioral-pedagogical and pharmacological.

Behavioral methods are aimed at developing self-control and perseverance, while pharmacological methods are aimed at correcting neurotransmitter metabolism.

In the treatment of ADHD, herbal-based sedatives that relieve overexcitation are used, as well as nootropic drugs that affect the GABAergic system, such as phenibut and pantogam. In recent years, the use of atomoxetine, which affects norepinephrine reuptake, has become widespread. There is also evidence of successful use of central nervous system stimulants.

Our clinic uses broader approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. In addition to well-known methods, factors contributing to brain overexcitation are identified and eliminated. It is known that in some children, excessive consumption of fast carbohydrates leads to overexcitation; the stimulating role of gluten (wheat gluten) on brain function is also known. For example, one of the metabolites of gluten is gluteomorphin, which can affect opioid receptors in the brain, leading to overexcitation of the child. Casein, which transforms into casomorphin, may have a similar effect.

Changes in the microbiota of a child can also affect behavior; some pathogenic bacteria produce neurotoxins, which can also have an excitatory effect on the brain.

Changes in amino acid balance and neurotransmitter balance lead to disturbances in the processes of nervous excitation and inhibition. Targeted correction of amino acid balance allows stabilizing neurotransmitter metabolism and normalizing the child's behavior.

Thus, work with a patient with ADHD should be systemic and comprehensive, including individualized dietary correction, examination and correction of microbiota status, amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism, and the use of drugs that promote improved brain myelination.

The clinic also employs psychologists and teachers; through sessions and behavioral recommendations, they will help normalize the child's behavior and academic performance.